Misconceptions about Bipolar Disorder

What is Bipolar Disorder?

Bipolar Disorder is a mental illness that causes extreme shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels. People with Bipolar Disorder experience episodes of both depression and mania, which are distinct and opposite states of mood and behavior. 

 

Misconception #1: There is only one type of Bipolar Disorder

The misconception that there is only one type of Bipolar Disorder is relatively common. Bipolar Disorder is actually a spectrum of related conditions, all of which involve periods of depression and periods of mania or hypomania. The two main types of Bipolar Disorder are bipolar I and bipolar II, but there are also other subtypes and variations.

 

Bipolar I disorder is characterized by one or more manic episodes, which may be accompanied by episodes of depression or hypomania. Manic episodes are periods of intense elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, and decreased need for sleep, and often involve risky or impulsive behavior.

Bipolar II disorder is characterized by one or more hypomanic episodes and one or more depressive episodes. Hypomanic episodes are less severe than manic episodes and involve similar symptoms but to a lesser degree.

 

Misconception #2: People with Bipolar Disorder are ‘moody’

Bipolar Disorder is not just a matter of being "happy" or "sad" from moment to moment. The mood swings experienced by people with Bipolar Disorder are much more intense and long-lasting than typical mood fluctuations. Bipolar Disorder involves episodes of both depression and mania, which are distinct and opposite states of mood and behavior. 

 

During a depressive episode, a person with Bipolar Disorder may feel overwhelmed by feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and worthlessness, and may have difficulty performing day-to-day tasks. During a manic episode, they may feel overly confident, and impulsive, and engage in risky behavior. These shifts in mood can last for weeks or months at a time, and can significantly impact a person's ability to function in their daily life.

 

The idea that people with bipolar disorder are simply "moody" can lead to misunderstandings and stigma. People with Bipolar Disorder may be dismissed as "dramatic" or "difficult" by those who do not understand the condition and may be reluctant to seek treatment or support due to fear of being judged or misunderstood.

 

Misconception #3: Medication is the only treatment option for Bipolar Disorder

While medication is often a key component of treating Bipolar Disorder, it is not the only treatment option available. Bipolar Disorder is a complex condition that can impact many aspects of a person's life, and treatment often involves a comprehensive approach that addresses multiple factors.

 

Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, can be an effective treatment for Bipolar Disorder. Therapy can help people with Bipolar Disorder better understand their condition, develop coping skills, and identify and manage triggers that can lead to mood swings. Making changes to one's lifestyle can also be an important part of managing Bipolar Disorder. This may include getting regular exercise, improving sleep habits, avoiding alcohol and drugs, and maintaining a healthy diet. Mind-body techniques, such as yoga, meditation, and deep breathing exercises, can help reduce stress and anxiety, which can trigger mood swings in people with Bipolar Disorder.